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Michael Haneke (; born 23 March 1942) is an Austrian film director and screenwriter best known for films such as ''Funny Games'' (1997), ''Caché'' (2005), ''The White Ribbon'' (2009) and ''Amour'' (2012). His work often examines social issues, and depicts the feelings of estrangement experienced by individuals in modern society. Haneke has worked in television‚ theatre and cinema. Besides working as a filmmaker, Haneke also teaches film direction at the Film Academy Vienna. At the 2009 Cannes Film Festival, his film ''The White Ribbon'' won the Palme d'Or, and at the 67th Golden Globe Awards the film won the Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film. In 2012, his film ''Amour'' premiered and competed at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2012 Official Selection )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cannes Film Festival 2012 line-up announced )〕 The film would go on to win the Palme d'Or, making it his second win of the prestigious award in three years and putting him in an elite club with only six other directors to have won the award twice. He is the only Austrian director to have accomplished this. The film received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director, Best Original Screenplay, and Best Actress in a Leading Role for Emmanuelle Riva. It won in the category of Best Foreign Language Film. Haneke has made films in French, German and in English. In 2013 Haneke won the Prince of Asturias Award for the arts. ==Life and career== Haneke was born in Munich, Germany, the son of the German actor and director Fritz Haneke and the Austrian actress Beatrix von Degenschild. His stepfather, the composer , had later married the mother of actor Christoph Waltz.〔In his second marriage, the composer Alexander Steinbrecher was married to Degenschild. After her death he married , the mother of Waltz. So Steinbrecher is the stepfather of both Haneke and Waltz.〕 Haneke was raised in the city of Wiener Neustadt, Austria, and later attended the University of Vienna to study philosophy, psychology and drama after failing to achieve success in his early attempts in acting and music. After graduating, he became a film critic and from 1967 to 1970 he worked as editor and dramaturg at the southwestern German television station Südwestfunk. He made his debut as a television director in 1974. Haneke's feature film debut was 1989's ''The Seventh Continent'', which served to trace out the violent and bold style that would bloom in later years. Three years later, the controversial ''Benny's Video'' put Haneke's name on the map. Haneke achieved great success in 2001 with the critically successful French film ''The Piano Teacher''. It won the prestigious Grand Prize at the 2001 Cannes Film Festival and also won its stars, Benoît Magimel and Isabelle Huppert, the Best Actor and Actress awards. He has worked with Juliette Binoche (''Code Unknown'' in 2000 and ''Caché'' in 2005), after she expressed interest in working with him. Haneke frequently worked with real-life couple Ulrich Mühe and Susanne Lothar - thrice each. His film, ''The White Ribbon'', premiered at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival. The film is set in 1913 and deals with strange incidents in a small town in Northern Germany, depicting an authoritarian, fascist-like atmosphere, where children are subjected to rigid rules and suffer harsh punishments, and where strange deaths occur. The Cannes Jury presided by Isabelle Huppert and including Asia Argento, Hanif Kureishi and Robin Wright Penn awarded Haneke's film the Palme d'Or for the best feature film. In 2012, his film ''Amour'' also won the Palme d'Or at Cannes. So Haneke joined just 7 other filmmakers to have won the prestigious award twice: Francis Ford Coppola, Shōhei Imamura, the Dardenne brothers, Alf Sjöberg, Bille August and Emir Kusturica. Haneke says that films should offer viewers more space for imagination and self-reflection. Films that have too much detail and moral clarity, Haneke says, are used for mindless consumption by their viewers. It is often difficult for people to ascertain Haneke's philosophy and the exact messages he wishes to illustrate in his works. His 2012 film ''Amour'' won the Best Foreign Language Oscar and was nominated for the Best Picture Oscar at the 85th Academy Awards.〔 In 2013 he was the subject of the documentary film ''Michael H – Profession: Director''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Michael H., Profession: Director )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Michael Haneke」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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